Events

Solar and stellar flares are the most violent explosions in the solar and stellar atmosphere, emitting strong X-rays, UVs, energetic particles, high speed mass ejections, etc. and play fundamental role on the environment and habitability of the Earth and planets. Superflares are gigantic flares with energy more than 10^33 erg which is 10 times more energetic than the largest solar flares in recent 30 years. If superflares occur on the Sun, our society on the Earth will suffer from serious disasters as a result of extreme space weather due to superflares. Hence whether superflares occur on the Sun and what are the origins and consequences of superflares are important problems for modern space weather research. Similarly, superflares on stars play fundamental role on the habitability of exoplanets, namely exoplanetary space weather. In this sense, the study of stellar superflares is one of the basis of astrobiology. We will review recent development of the study of stellar superflares, especially on the gigantic mass ejections from these stellar superflares.

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